Irga is unpretentious, but requires comprehensive care, including pruning. It is necessary for several reasons and can be carried out at different times of the year. There are several types of pruning irgi, with different goals and a specific algorithm.
The need for cropping
Pruning is an important agricultural measure. It solves several problems at once:
- promoting plant development;
- rejuvenation of Irgi, an increase in the duration of her life;
- yield increase;
- providing decorative shrub, giving it the desired shape;
- prevention of pests and fungal diseases - excessive density and confusion of the crown are a risk factor;
- the best distribution of the means used for spraying - with a dense crown of the substance, they do not penetrate deep into sufficient quantities.
When pruning, part of the root shoots are removed. First of all, these are old, broken, sick and weak branches. Instead, strong shoots appear.
Regular pruning can reduce the amount of green mass, the growth of which takes a lot of nutrition. As a result, nutrients are directed in a different direction, more ovaries are formed, the fruits are poured faster and more evenly.
General recommendations for the procedure
When trimming Irgi, the following points should be considered:
- Use pruning shears or a special saw to trim. The tool must be sharpened qualitatively.
- Before the procedure, disinfect the blades to prevent the spread of infection. You can use bleach for this.
- It is necessary to leave 10-15 trunks of different ages in the bush, the rest to be cut off at ground level.
- When pruning the main branches, leave 10 cm, and from thin branches - 5 cm each.
- In spring, cut the main trunk until the first buds appear. Otherwise, fresh shoots will be damaged, and the spring ovary will deteriorate.
- To stimulate the formation of new buds and flowers at the end of winter, remove all dry and old branches older than 4 years.
- If the branches are very thick, trim them gradually. First make a large cut from the bottom. This allows you to not tear off the bark at the end of pruning.
- To create short shrubs, irgi are cut from above. Compact sizes are provided by cutting all adult branches, leaving only two-year-old branches and young root shoots.
- To obtain fluffy bushes of bright green color at the beginning of the growing season, sharply cut the branches.
- If aphids, ticks, caterpillars or other pests are detected during pruning, the bushes should be treated with horticultural oil or a soap solution.
Regardless of the type of pruning, the restoration of the original size of the bush occurs quickly. This is due to the large size and good development of the root system.
The timing
Pruning prickles is carried out in the spring or in the fall. It is necessary to take into account the purpose of the procedure and the age of the plant:
- First pruning held the next year after planting a bush in the spring. You need to leave 6 large buds on each branch, the rest removed. This will reduce the green mass, stimulating the development of the bush.
- Fall pricks need to be cut when harvested. This allows you to form a crown and get rid of old dry branches.
- To increase yield bushes can be cut in May.
- For decorative purposes pruning is carried out annually in the fall.
- For rejuvenation the procedure is carried out every 3-4 years.
- Sanitary pruning can be produced at any time, including flowering and fruiting. It is recommended to carry out such a procedure once every 1-2 years.
The frequency of pruning depends on many factors: the type of procedure, the conditions for growing shrubs, yield, and the aging rate of the branches.
Trimming Types
There are three types of pruning prunus: decorative, rejuvenating and sanitary. In each case, there are certain features.
Decorative trim
This procedure is also called formative, since the crown of the bush is formed. There are no restrictions on shaping - it all depends on the gardener's imagination.
Decorative pruning provides not only a beautiful view, but also improves access to sunlight, which is important when ripening fruits. Another advantage of the procedure is easier access to berries during harvesting.
Decorative pruning is carried out in spring, more often a round or conical shape is given to the bushes. For the formation, it is necessary to trim the branches that protrude from above and from the sides, get rid of old and diseased specimens. If the bush is young, then you can only trim the crown at the right height.
If you want to form a tree, then you need to gradually raise the crown. The procedure can be performed not only in autumn but also in winter. Need to trim the lower branches, but not too close to the trunk.
Anti-aging pruning
This procedure is necessary for older plants. Thanks to anti-aging pruning, they will last much longer.
Even an old and ugly bush can be rejuvenated. This allows you to revive it, increase productivity for a certain period. During this time, you can grow new shrubs that will successfully replace the old planting - Irga grows quickly.
Plant rejuvenation is required in the following cases:
- plentiful flowering, but small crop;
- flowers and fruits are regularly showered.
Anti-aging pruning is performed according to the following algorithm:
- Shortening the thickest and oldest branches. Only one third of the original length should be left. The slice is immediately treated with charcoal.
- Trimming the center of the remaining branches. You need to shorten them to the first fork. Such a measure provides a beautiful and magnificent crown, and it will form quickly.
- Counting trunks in one bush. If there are more than 15, then select the thickest and most woody specimens and cut them out.
After anti-aging pruning, the height of the bush should be no more than 2-2.5 m.
If the bush is very old and very neglected, then it must be processed in stages. It is not recommended to remove more than 3 old trunks in one procedure. Irga must have time to recover.
If you leave too high a crown during rejuvenation, then neighboring plants will be shaded. With a height of more than 2-2.5 m, harvesting is also difficult.
Sanitary pruning
The purpose of such pruning is to remove crooked, dry, diseased and frozen branches. The disease can spread to healthy shoots. Sanitary processing also plays an aesthetic function - the specimens to be removed spoil the appearance of the bush.
It is important to properly organize the procedure, adhering to the following algorithm:
- Inspect the entire bush. This allows you to decide on the scope of work.
- Delete Pending Branches. This applies to rubbing against each other, interwoven, sick, dry and damaged specimens.
- Remove shoots and branches growing inside the bush. Leave 12-15 trunks. In the future, they will also need to be cut off when they lose their productivity and age.
- Old branches should be cut as close to the ground as possible.. This allows you to save the decorative bush.
At the first processing, irgi need to start precisely with sanitary pruning. The remaining types of procedure are applied in stages. Work must be done at positive temperature.
Aftercare
The circumcised irgi does not need special care, but some measures still need to be taken:
- To control the growth of shoots. New branches may grow unevenly, as a result, the decorativeness of the bush may be lost or it will begin to lean in one direction. Tying the treated plants will help to avoid this problem. To do this, it is good to use willow twigs. The bush will be even, and the young and immature shoots will not bend due to heavy berries.
- Treat old and thick trunks after trimming. This provides quick healing of wounds and serves as a preventive measure for their decay. For processing, you can use charcoal or garden var. The latter can be prepared according to various recipes, rosin is usually the basis. When autumn pruning, it is worth using a cold-resistant var with the addition of medical alcohol.
Pruning irgi solves many problems. With its help, you can rejuvenate the bush, reduce the risk of disease, increase productivity, provide decorative plantings. Pruning is not difficult, it is important to choose the right time and take care of the bush after the procedure.