Yellow carrots are a popular type of culture, although they are rare in Russia. The root crop owes its coloring to certain pigments. There are several varieties of this culture. It must be grown correctly, avoiding common mistakes.
Features yellow carrots
It is believed that yellow carrots came from Central Asia. Pigments — carotene, anthocyanin, and xanthophyll — provide the color of root crops. It is the last pigment that is responsible for the yellowness of carrots - it can be saturated or light yellow in color. The carotene that provides the orange color is less.
Yellow carrots have several features:
- root crops are very sweet;
- the content of lutein is increased - this substance is especially useful for vision;
- low moisture content, which leads to certain culinary properties of the product - it is good to use it in frying, stewing;
- high yield varieties of yellow carrots.
The distinctive features of yellow carrots in comparison with its orange counterpart include a higher seed price (the difference is small) and greater heat loving.
Excessive consumption of yellow carrots can lead to yellowing of the skin. This condition is not dangerous, but causes trouble in an aesthetic sense.
Varieties
There are several varieties of yellow carrots, each with certain competitive advantages. Among the differences of different varieties is also the shape, size of root crops and their taste characteristics, which determines the use of culture in cooking, use for canning.
Consider the popular varieties of yellow carrots.
Mirzoi 304
Yellowstone (Yellow Stone)
Solar Yellow
Mirzoi 304
This is one of the common varieties of yellow carrots. It is a dining room, and received back in the 40s of the last century. The birthplace of the variety is Tashkent. They grow it both on private farms and on an industrial scale.
This variety of yellow carrots is especially thermophilic - for successful cultivation you need a temperature of at least 16 degrees. A sufficient amount of moisture is also important - poor watering, especially with heavy clay soil, is fraught with cracking of root crops.
Mirzoi 304 is distinguished by shortened thick root crops with a light yellow color and blunt tips. The weight of one root crop is on average 0.1-0.15 kg. The core is thick - about a third of the fetus.
Maturation takes 115 days, bundle ripeness occurs after 50 days. Average yields - 2 kg per 1 sq. Km. m
Mirzoi 304 is a universal variety. It can be used both for frying or stewing, and canned. It is good for storage.
Yellowstone (Yellow Stone)
This variety is hybrid, early ripening and high-yielding, adaptable well. Its main advantage is resistance to various diseases, therefore it is very much appreciated in Russia.
Root crops of this variety have a fusiform shape and bright yellow color, average length 23 cm. An important condition for a rich crop is loose soil.
Solar Yellow
This variety is also hybrid. Root crops have a spindle-shaped form, the average length is 20 cm. The fruits are sweet, crispy.
Solar Yellow is an early ripening variety. The ripening period is 90 days.
The variety is whimsical to growing conditions. He needs a stable high temperature of at least 18 degrees. Loose soil and daylight hours are also important.
Solar Yellow is a table grade. By taste characteristics, such carrots are best used for frying, consumed raw (especially children like it).
Growing Stages
Yellow carrots should be grown according to the standard algorithm and in stages: preparation, planting, care, harvesting. At each stage there are certain features.
Training
At this stage, fertilizing the soil, loosening it, and eliminating weeds is necessary. Fertilizers for yellow carrots are used standard. Preparing seeds for planting includes the following steps:
- Rejection. To get rid of low-quality specimens is simple - you need to fill the seeds with warm water and mix gently. All that has surfaced is marriage, such material is unsuitable for planting.
- Heat treatment. This technique is used to prevent infectious diseases of the culture. Seeds should be placed in a tissue bag, which is dipped in warm water (50 degrees), then immediately in cold. After such processing, drying is required.
- Growth stimulation. This treatment is carried out with special preparations. Usually resort to phytosporin or humate sodium (potassium) - in a liter of water you need to dissolve 100 or 50 g of the product, respectively.
- Warm water with oxygen. It is used for bubbling seeds. Such processing is carried out during the day. Then the seeds must be placed in a manganese solution (faint pink), after 20 minutes, removed, washed in clean water and dried.
Landing
An important condition for any variety of yellow carrots is a temperature of at least 16-18 degrees. The optimal landing time depends on the climatic conditions of a particular region. Consideration should be given to the duration of maturation (3-4 months).
Planting yellow carrots is standard and includes two options:
- rows and subsequent thinning;
- tapes - can be purchased ready-made or made independently (usually thin toilet paper is used).
It is recommended to plant yellow carrots on beds 1.2-1.3 m wide. 20 cm between rows, 2 cm between seeds. Seeding depth depends on soil characteristics: 1.5 cm for heavy soil, 2.5 cm for light soil .
Care
In addition to the temperature regime, caring for yellow carrots includes a number of other points:
- oxygen access;
- average humidity;
- sufficient watering, especially important at the initial stage, requires 4 thousand cubic meters per hectare. m of water;
- Prevent waterlogging - it is recommended that watering every 3-4 days, in dry periods, you can frequent (focus on soil condition);
- prevent crusting on the soil;
- on cold days, water for irrigation should have an ambient temperature;
- regular loosening - carry out carefully, at the same time remove weeds;
- weed manually or mulch (when mulching, the watering frequency is reduced).
Harvesting
Harvest time is determined by the maturity of a particular variety. You can also pull out 1-2 root crops and examine them. The presence of small roots suggests that it is time to harvest. It is recommended to do this in dry weather.
Only root crops can be stored without damage. Cut the tops, otherwise the carrots will sprout. Storage temperature - up to 4 degrees. Land removal and washing before storage is not required.
Growing Mistakes
When growing yellow carrots, the following errors and their consequences are possible:
- lack of thinning - small root crops, yield lower;
- lack of watering - poor growth, cracking of fruits;
- manure and manure for fertilizer - curvature of the fruit;
- late harvest - unfit fruits.
Yellow carrots - a variety of culture, characterized by its color, sweetness of the fruit and chemical composition. There are several common plant varieties that have certain characteristics. Yellow carrots need to be grown correctly, given the typical mistakes and their consequences.